Properties, Homes & more

Reference: The Economic Times

Home loan providers are now insisting on construction-linked disbursal of funds to new projects, as they look to make developers more accountable after getting stuck in several stalled projects.

A number of developers have either stopped construction midway or slowed down due to shortage of funds and poor sales in 2008 and 2009. Lending institutions expect the move to help them monitor the progress of construction and make developers accountable, said a senior executive with a public sector bank. “Buyers in such projects are in a difficult situation. They have to pay monthly installments towards the loan without getting the possession of house. They also end up shelling out monthly rents during the period,” he said, requesting anonymity.

HDFC, one of the largest lenders in the home loan segment, has, allegedly, discontinued the practice of upfront disbursals and linked the flow of funds to progress of construction.

Developers initially used to offer homebuyers up to 10% discount on upfront payment. These developers subsequently diverted substantial part of funds to other projects. The delay in completion of work left buyers in a lurch. There is a high probability of default by such borrowers.

In construction-linked payment, the home finance companies or banks do not release the funds up front. They release of around 30% funds initially and the rest is disbursed as per the progress of projects. In such cases since the exposures are not full and the monthly repayment obligation for borrowers will be lower.

Many developers have now changed the payment schedule to construction-linked as against timebound payment. This is good for the industry. However, banks and home finance companies should release 30-35% of the funds towards the land and development cost. The lenders have also become more conservative in disbursal of loans. In a volatile real estate market, they offer lower valuations for the property against which they disburse the funds.

According to industry estimates, disbursements of home loan in the organised system of financing in the first six months of the current fiscal has been around Rs 60,000 crore. In 2008-09, it touched Rs 1,00,000 crore approximately, while in 2007-08 the amount was around Rs 1,30,000 crore.

Continued from Part 1…

There are many important points to be looked into before signing on the dotted line… In this 2-part series, I will cover 9 important points that must be carefully considered.

1. Look deep in your wallet before deciding the property
2. Look closely at your lifestyle and financial capabilities
3. Evaluate market conditions
4. Higher loan amount increase burden of debts

(Please refer Part 1 for discussion on these 4 points)

5. Increase the down payment When you go for home loan, you have to pay around 10% to 15% of the project cost and around 85% to 90% is funded by the bank or financial institution. If you have more than the required amount for ‘down payment’ then pay more, so that your required debt is reduced significantly.
6. Prepayment is the best way to save on interest Always make an effort not to extend a loan beyond its tenure. As and when you have excess cash, try to prepay (huge loan first). For example, you could prepay from your yearly bonuses or salary hikes. Prepaying can lower the tenure and help you save on interest. However, check with your bank from when you can start prepaying, as banks usually do not allow prepayment during the first year of the loan period. Also check if there is a prepayment penalty. The idea is to make sure that the interest saved does not exceed the prepayment fees.
7. It is not a family bank, unlike family doctor It is not essential to opt for the same bank that your brother took his home loan from. It is advised that you should do your own searching in terms of the deals offered by different banks. Moreover, your brother’s offer for the same loan amount and tenure could be (and mostly, would be) different from what is offered to you, as it varies according to the credit profile of the borrower.
8. Processing fee If you have nothing in writing from the bank, it is possible that you might lose the processing fee that you pay to bank in case the loan does not get approved. So, either you get something in writing from the bank or factor in all this money for these kinds of losses.
9. Read the home loan agreement (fine print) carefully Most of us just close our eyes and sign on the dotted line. What we forget to read are the clauses that are in fine print in the loan agreement. You need to understand the significance and impact of these various clauses before you sign the agreement. Important clauses to watch out for are: the Force Majeure clause and Reset Clause on Fixed Rates.

So you have finally decided to buy your own house… With this single decision follows a chain of other decisions, ranging from choosing the property, choosing a home loan offer to deciding the furniture for the new house. However, believe me this is not as simple as it sounds… There are many important points to be looked into before signing on the dotted line… In this 2-part series, I will cover 9 important points that must be carefully considered.

1. Look deep in your wallet before deciding the property Now that you have set your heart on a house that is perfect for you, have you carefully thought of whether your wallet will be able to handle the cost of your dream home? Going for a house that you can’t afford to pay for is like eating more food than you can digest. You end up with indigestion, and in this case the indigestion may cost you dearly!
2. Look closely at your lifestyle and financial capabilities Plan for an unfortunate eventuality like loss of job or illnesses and ensure that your wallet will be able to take the pinch for a few months at least. Pay attention to your other debt liabilities before going in for the home loan.
3. Evaluate market conditions Understand the real estate market and evaluate if the property prices are stable and not likely to fall further. Do your research on home loan interest rates, see if they are likely to decrease or increase in future depending on the existing market conditions, you may not want to lose out on a good deal because you jumped in too early.
4. Higher loan amount increase burden of debts Having high credit card outstanding and a number of other loans not only brings the eligibility for higher loan amount down, it also increases the burden of paying all of these debts off.

Concluded in Part 2.

<< Jerry Rao’s interview on creating low cost housing the professional way

Jerry Rao, founder of IT firm Mphasis, wants to deliver low-cost good-quality homes to buyers like drivers, housemaids, plumbers and electricians. Jerry Rao’s new venture, Value and Budget Housing Development Corporation, is targeting building a million homes in 10 years in 17 cities. Excerpts of an exclusive interview with ET, Jerry Rao (JR) defends his new mantra…

Interviewer (I): How will you address the backend challenges? Your buyers constitute the unbanked part of the population!!

JR: There are two big demand-side challenges. One, unlike in Manila and Sao Paolo, where poor and rich neighbourhoods are far away, in Indian cities, the poor live inside the city. Now, we are giving them housing far away. So, there is a commute cost and a commute time. That is a demand-side dampener.

The second is they may want to buy but how many of them will qualify for a loan. That certainly reduces the size of the market. But, believe me, these people have the ability to downpay Rs. 50,000 to Rs. 1.5 lakh. These people live frugally and save a lot. Over time, we believe the system will be in a position to offer 15-year mortgages in the Rs 2-8 lakh range.

I: What is your assessment of the buyer profile?

JR: They may be poor but they are upwardly mobile - these are NOT the absolute destitutes or the pavement dwellers. What they want is to get out of their present shanty / to a more secure place. They want compound walls, security, indoor toilet and privacy. Most want their children to go to English medium schools. The target buyer is someone, who has an income and also high labour mobility so that even if he moves to the city outskirts, he would get a replacement job pretty quickly. Like a driver or high-skilled construction worker.

--- As told to the Economic Times ---

Jerry Rao, founder of IT firm Mphasis, is completely immersed into his next business innings: Nano housing. Just like the Nano car, he wants to deliver homes to buyers looking for affordable homes: including drivers, housemaids, plumbers and electricians. Jerry Rao’s new venture, Value and Budget Housing Development Corporation, is targeting building a million homes in 10 years in 17 cities.

In an exclusive interview to Economic Times, Jerry Rao said, unlike conventional developers, his business model would treat land as an inventory and not a capital asset. If he is able to roll out his project and deliver in 12-18 months, the returns would be in the region of 30-40% almost similar to what the IT industry enjoyed in its dream run. Excerpts from the interview:

Interviewer (I): After IT, banking and angel investing, what made you think of housing?

Jerry Rao (JR): I could retire and do nothing. At 57, I have got at least another 5 to 10 years to do something else. I did want to stay away from IT and banking and wanted to do something of scale. I looked at agribusiness, education, health care and it seemed to me that I could leverage my IT and project management skills in housing. And, there was no paucity of demand. So, you could scale this business and create a big impact.

I: What is the difference between your business model and how conventional realty operates?

JR: Unlike conventional realty, we want to think of land as inventory and want to sell it as soon as we can. That is the basic difference that sets us apart. I thought it would be a high risk model. But, the downside here is very low. We are using equity to buy land. We will have access to construction finance and then we also get 25% down payments from buyers. So, even if the project goes bust, we can still repay all the loans and also repay equity. But, if we get it right and build and sell the project in 12-18 months, then the return on equity will be in the 30-40% range. It is actually quite an attractive place to be in.

I: Then, how come nobody else has entered the space?

JR: Why did nobody create a low-cost detergent before Nirma? The high-cost market was profitable enough. One, it is partly a supply side problem that people do not re-engineer. Two, the middle-class and upper-class segment, Rs 0.50-1 crore, has been very profitable. Three, if you are looking at land as a capital asset, you would not do it. This model requires a mindset shift.

Do not forget to read PART 2 of the interview…